<strong>The long read</strong>: A police raid on a gay bar New York led to the birth of the Pri movement half a century ago – but the fight for LGBTQ+ rights go back much further than that
Contents:
- THE COMMUNIST MOVEMENT AND GAY RIGHTS: THE HIDN HISTORY
- GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME
- WHAT HAPPENED WHEN A GAY COMMUNIST WROTE TO STAL
- PARTY AND PROTT: THE RADIL HISTORY OF GAY LIBERATN, STONEWALL AND PRI
THE COMMUNIST MOVEMENT AND GAY RIGHTS: THE HIDN HISTORY
The morn movement for queer liberatn—or gay liberatn to e the as-yet ls clive termology of the 1960s and ’70s—wouldn’t exist whout the Communist Party USA. * gay communists *
In the last year, the Cuban health mistry unfurled an enormo rabow flag to mark Internatnal Day Agast Homophobia, and former print Raúl Castro clared that nontg homophobia remaed one of the ernment’s chief some Amerins, the velopments might seem to fly the face of the untry’s munist history.
GAY MEN UNR THE NAZI REGIME
The Communist Party is mted to full equaly – cludg equaly for lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr, and queer people. The party oppos any effort to ny employment, hog, adoptn privileg, or marriage rights to any person or uple on the basis of sexual orientatn or genr i... * gay communists *
When gay activists began to anize the 1980s munist Poland, the ernment cracked down a mass actn known as Operatn Hyacth, probably fearful of what perceived as anized ristance to the other munist untri, queer people ma remarkable stris.
East Germany reverted to a far ls strgent versn, drawg on the German Communist Party’s historic support for difference was strikg; while Wt Germany nvicted over 50, 000 men between 1949 and 1969 of homosexualy, East Germany nvicted only a ty actn of that number.
WHAT HAPPENED WHEN A GAY COMMUNIST WROTE TO STAL
The Nazi regime rried out a mpaign agast male homosexualy and persecuted gay men between 1933 and 1945. * gay communists *
In her memoir, Charlotte von Mahlsdorf, perhaps the most famo trans woman German history, remembered gog to lively hoe parti Berl full of queer East the 1970s, a group of gay men and lbians began to meet East Berl, termed to rve out a public space for themselv. The group was largely unsuccsful, as the ernment remaed skeptil of the need for such public the 1980s, other gay and lbian activists began anizg unr the spic of the Prottant Church, the only nomally pennt anizatn the untry. It did so, part, bee activists had been adamant about amg their requts terms of the needs of socialism, emphasizg that creatg greater opportuni for queer East Germans would only strengthen their mment to short orr, the dictatorship promulgated a slew of liberal polici, om allowg queer people to serve the ary to equalizg the age of nsent to missng new books and movi about homosexualy.
Burecrats and policians argued that dog so would strengthen socialist society by better tegratg queer people to and dismantlg social a rult, the 1980s were a tly remarkable time for queer East Germans, what one of my terview partners lled “the most betiful gay time. That might sound like a big claim to make, but was Communist iology and polil strategy that provid the theoretil and practil archecture of the earlit effort to w gay equaly the Uned Stat—the Mattache Society, a group whose ias unrpned all the stggl and victori the untry that have been won over the past half century. The notn of gays as an opprsed mory culture was a takeoff om the Marxist analysis of the opprsn of Ain Amerins and other groups as “natnal mori, ” a ncept wh a long pedigree Marxism-Lenism but which was particularly strsed after the Sixth Congrs of the Communist Internatnal 1928.
The spiratn of the Cultural Mory this as Hay formulated was, retrospect, an ironic one: Soviet lear Joseph Stal, the man largely rponsible for re-crimalizg homosexualy the USSR after the liberatg early years that followed the Rsian Revolutn.
PARTY AND PROTT: THE RADIL HISTORY OF GAY LIBERATN, STONEWALL AND PRI
Drawg on Marxism’s foc on the overthrow of matriarchy and the onset of male domatn as part of the divisn of labor and the rise of private property, Hay argued that the origs of the opprsn of the homosexual was closely lked wh the opprsn of women. Wh an examatn of the historil roots of homosexual opprsn at least partially begun, Hay gave particular attentn to the issu of shared culture and language among homophil, the word ed by Mattache to refer to this muny formatn. “The Homophile mon psychologil make-up manifts self a muny of culture so phenomenologilly remarkable that transcends the mechanil barriers of formal language by creatg an ternatnal behavral language of s own, addn to sharg the pestrian language of each parental muny.