Search-In</tle><sc>Created wh Sketch.</sc><g id="Events-Dktop-Redl" stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-le="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-1106.000000, -311.000000)" fill="#8A8A8A" fill-le="nonzero" id="Search-In"><path d="M1116.72041,320.433962 L1116.04288,320.433962 L1115.80274,320.202401 C1116.64322,319.2247 1117.14923,317.955403 1117.14923,316.574614 C1117.14923,313.495712 1114.65352,311 1111.57461,311 C1108.49571,311 1106,313.495712 1106,316.574614 C1106,319.653516 1108.49571,322.149228 1111.57461,322.149228 C1112.9554,322.149228 1114.2247,321.643225 1115.2024,320.802744 L1115.43396,321.042882 L1115.43396,321.720412 L1119.72213,326 L1121,324.722127 L1116.72041,320.433962 Z M1111.57461,320.433962 C1109.43911,320.433962 1107.71527,318.71012 1107.71527,316.574614 C1107.71527,314.439108 1109.43911,312.715266 1111.57461,312.715266 C1113.71012,312.715266 1115.43396,314.439108 1115.43396,316.574614 C1115.43396,318.71012 1113.71012,320.433962 1111.57461,320.433962 Z"></path></g></g></svg></button></form></div><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenu__megaMenu_Men"><ul class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenuSectn__menu" style="transn:opacy 0.3s ease 0s, transform 0s ease 0.5s"><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__menu"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">News</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/polics"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Polics</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/science"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Science</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/tnnews"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Edutn</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/hog"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Hog</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/immigratn"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Immigratn</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/crimaljtice"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Crimal Jtice</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/silinvalley"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Silin Valley</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/fom"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Fom</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/liforniareport"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">The California Report</span></a></div></ul><ul class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenuSectn__menu" style="transn:opacy 0.3s ease 0s, transform 0s ease 0.5s"><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__menu"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/arts"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">Arts & Culture</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/thedolist"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Crics’ Picks</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/artsmentary"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Cultural Commentary</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/food"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Food & Drk</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/bayareahiphop"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Bay Area Hip-Hop</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/rebelgirls"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Rebel Girls</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/artsvios"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Arts Vio</span></a></div></ul><ul class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenuSectn__menu" style="transn:opacy 0.3s ease 0s, transform 0s ease 0.5s"><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__menu"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/podsts"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">Podsts</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/podsts/baycur"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Bay Cur</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/podsts/rightnowish"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Rightnowish</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/podsts/thebay"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">The Bay</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/podsts/onourwatch"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">On Our Watch</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/podsts/mdshift"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Mdshift</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/podsts/nsirthis"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Consir This</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/podsts/polilbreakdown"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name">Polil Breakdown</span></a></div></ul><ul class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenuSectn__menu" style="transn:opacy 0.3s ease 0s, transform 0s ease 0.5s"><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__menu"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/rad"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">Live Rad</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/tv"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">TV</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/events"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">Events</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/tn"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">For Edutors</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/support"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">Support KQED</span></a><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" href="/about"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">About</span></a><a href=" class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk" to=" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name ponents-NextHear-ponents-Menu-___Menu__lk_Name__tle">Help Center</span></a></div></ul></div><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenu__megaMenu_Socials"><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenu__megaMenu_Ins"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenu__megaMenu_InsText">KQED is a proud member of</span><svg width="29px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 29 10" versn="1.1" xmlns=" class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-MegaMenu-___MegaMenu__megaMenu_Ins_NPR"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-le="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-1161.000000, -810.000000)" fill="#231F20"><g transform="translate(1161.000000, 810.000000)"><path d="M0,9.95549326 L28.9906686,9.95549326 L28.9906686,0 L0,0 L0,9.95549326 Z M19.4831387,9.52669557 L28.5617592,9.52669557 L28.5617592,0.428853565 L19.4831387,0.428853565 L19.4831387,9.52669557 Z M9.95621965,9.52669557 L19.0348401,9.52669557 L19.0348401,0.428853565 L9.95621965,0.428853565 L9.95621965,9.52669557 Z M0.428909441,9.52669557 L9.52742197,9.52669557 L9.52742197,0.428853565 L0.428909441,0.428853565 L0.428909441,9.52669557 Z"></path><g id="Group-8" transform="translate(2.905588, 2.468017)"><path d="M1.17665684,1.49396936 C1.28343719,1.35545106 1.43206917,1.23811002 1.62193815,1.14485183 C1.81180713,1.05086724 1.99055665,1.0037632 2.15779557,1.0037632 C2.51987649,1.0037632 2.78076474,1.09953584 2.94018092,1.28985183 C3.09993237,1.48100597 3.17983603,1.78357823 3.17983603,2.19863025 L3.17983603,5.00950694 L4.31899403,5.00950694 L4.31899403,2.01870732 C4.31899403,1.39735857 4.15052582,0.91201368 3.81487457,0.565298844 C3.47927919,0.216963584 3.02047572,0.0434105973 2.44086686,0.0434105973 C1.83600173,0.0434105973 1.37876281,0.222663006 1.06881484,0.581391329 L0.858942004,0.125940462 L0.0381693642,0.125940462 L0.0381693642,5.00950694 L1.17665684,5.00950694 L1.17665684,1.49396936 Z"></path><path d="M10.5991312,1.33561484 C10.8107921,1.12412158 11.053241,1.0171736 11.3262545,1.0171736 C11.8499867,1.0171736 12.2259809,1.13496166 12.4533432,1.37003487 C12.6800349,1.60482871 12.7936881,2.00993468 12.7936881,2.58641445 C12.7936881,3.12540096 12.6791408,3.52044913 12.4509405,3.7704973 C12.2218461,4.02004258 11.8454607,4.14548574 11.3217285,4.14548574 C11.0459212,4.14548574 10.8047574,4.06211773 10.5991312,3.89526994 L10.5991312,1.33561484 Z M10.5991312,4.89116012 C10.8940484,5.03364566 11.22048,5.10578247 11.5794877,5.10578247 C12.3243239,5.10578247 12.9114202,4.89009846 13.3422854,4.45850694 C13.7723682,4.02780944 13.9869347,3.41165723 13.9869347,2.61368227 C13.9869347,0.90055896 13.209243,0.0434105973 11.6525744,0.0434105973 C11.2357902,0.0434105973 10.8846052,0.180587861 10.5991312,0.453657225 L10.5991312,0.125940462 L9.45980559,0.125940462 L9.45980559,6.34361869 L10.5991312,6.34361869 L10.5991312,4.89116012 Z"></path><path d="M20.7841603,2.23924701 C20.7841603,1.89404085 20.8855765,1.60214104 21.0898617,1.36276532 C21.2940909,1.1233896 21.5277114,1.00375761 21.79022,1.00375761 C22.0324455,1.00375761 22.2543877,1.06779229 22.4572759,1.19591753 L22.9379272,0.221148748 C22.7323568,0.10274605 22.4357634,0.0434050096 22.0493202,0.0434050096 C21.5229618,0.0434050096 21.1015399,0.226233526 20.7841603,0.592505202 L20.7841603,0.125934875 L19.6450582,0.125934875 L19.6450582,5.00950135 L20.7841603,5.00950135 L20.7841603,2.23924701 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></svg><svg versn="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="223 234 346 144" width="59px"><g><path fill="#2638C4" d="M367,306c0,39.8-32.2,72-72,72c-39.8,0-72-32.2-72-72c0-39.8,32.2-72,72-72C334.8,234,367,266.2,367,306"></path><g><path fill="#2638C4" d="M547.4,298c-7.9-4.1-14.2-7.4-14.2-13.7c0-4.5,3.8-7.2,10.3-7.2c7.6,0,14.4,2.5,19.6,5.6v-16.3 c-5.4-2.3-12.9-4.3-19.6-4.3c-19,0-27.5,11.3-27.5,23.6c0,14.4,9.7,21.3,20.3,26.9c10.5,5.6,14.5,8,14.5,14c0,5.1-4.4,8-11.8,8 c-10.3,0-17.5-4.7-22.3-8.5l0,17.3c4.4,3.1,13.9,6.8,22.1,6.8c18.4,0,30.1-9.6,30.1-25.1C569,308.9,555.3,302.1,547.4,298z"></path><path fill="#2638C4" d="M406.8,262.8H384v86.4h17v-27.5h3.4c21.3,0,34.5-11.3,34.5-29.5C439,273.8,427,262.8,406.8,262.8z M401,277.2 h5c10,0,16.4,5.8,16.4,14.7c0,9.7-5.9,15.2-16.3,15.2H401V277.2z"></path><path fill="#2638C4" d="M493.3,302.7c5.8-4,8.6-9.9,8.6-17.8c0-13.6-10-22.1-26.2-22.1h-26.4v86.4h27.5c21.1,0,30.7-13.6,30.7-26.2 C507.6,313.1,502.1,305.4,493.3,302.7z M474.4,277.4c6.7,0,11,4.1,11,10.6c0,6.5-4.7,10.7-11.9,10.7h-7.2v-21.2H474.4z M466.3,334.8v-22.6h10.8c8.6,0,13.7,4.2,13.7,11.2c0,7.5-5.1,11.3-15.3,11.3H466.3z"></path></g><g><g><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M347.5,306.7l-8,1.6v14.8c0,5-4.1,8.9-9.4,8.9H326v17.2h-13.2V332h4.1c5.3,0,9.4-4,9.4-8.9v-14.8l8-1.6 c1.7-0.4,2.6-2.3,1.8-3.8l-21-40.1h13.1l21,40.1C350.1,304.4,349.2,306.4,347.5,306.7z"></path></g><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M320.5,302.9l-21-40.1h-21.7c-19.7,0-36.5,16.1-36,35.9c0.3,14.7,9.8,25.7,23,29.9v20.6h32.4V332h4.1 c5.3,0,9.4-4,9.4-8.9v-14.8l8-1.6C320.5,306.4,321.4,304.4,320.5,302.9z M293.3,300.6c-4.5,0-8.2-3.7-8.2-8.2s3.7-8.2,8.2-8.2 c4.5,0,8.2,3.7,8.2,8.2S297.8,300.6,293.3,300.6z"></path></g></g></svg></div><div><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log__megaMenu"><span class=""><svg class="in in-log ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log_In ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log_In__megaMenu" width="20px" height="20px" viewBox="0 0 20 20" versn="1.1" xmlns="><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-le="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-931.000000, -271.000000)" fill="#404040" fill-le="nonzero"><g transform="translate(931.000000, 271.000000)"><path d="M10,0 C4.48,0 0,4.48 0,10 C0,15.52 4.48,20 10,20 C15.52,20 20,15.52 20,10 C20,4.48 15.52,0 10,0 Z M10,3 C11.66,3 13,4.34 13,6 C13,7.66 11.66,9 10,9 C8.34,9 7,7.66 7,6 C7,4.34 8.34,3 10,3 Z M10,17.2 C7.5,17.2 5.29,15.92 4,13.98 C4.03,11.99 8,10.9 10,10.9 C11.99,10.9 15.97,11.99 16,13.98 C14.71,15.92 12.5,17.2 10,17.2 Z"></path></g></g></g></svg></span><span tabx="0" class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log_Lk ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log_Lk__megaMenu">Sign In</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__hear_Items"><a class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__hear_Logo" href="/"><svg class="logo logo-kqed" viewBox="0 0 99 31" versn="1.1" xmlns="><tle>KQED</tle><g fill="none"><path fill="#FFF" d="M6.988 13.215l-3.615 3.688v9.036H0V0h3.373v12.662L15.423 0h4.155l-10.3 10.757L20 26h-4.096M56.41 14.226v8.647H71V26H53V0h17.522v3.19H56.35v7.848h12.258v3.188"></path><path class="highlight" d="M47.866 13.69C47.866 6.27 41.68.223 34.232.223 26.72.223 20.534 6.27 20.534 13.69c0 7.42 6.123 13.53 13.698 13.53 2.398 0 4.607-.623 6.564-1.683l4.23 5.175 2.65-2.12-4.103-5.05c2.65-2.432 4.293-5.986 4.293-9.852zm-23.86.063c0-5.55 4.608-10.1 10.226-10.1 5.617 0 10.225 4.55 10.288 10.1 0 5.55-4.608 10.1-10.225 10.1-5.618 0-10.29-4.614-10.29-10.1z" fill="#fff"></path><path d="M99 13.03C99 6.856 94.732 0 85.144 0H75v26h10.144C93.742 26.06 99 19.762 99 13.03zM78.588 3.274h5.876c7.423 0 10.763 4.508 10.763 9.82 0 3.273-1.98 9.82-10.578 9.82h-6.062V3.272z" fill="#FFF"></path></g></svg></a><div class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__hear_Tagle">Inform. Inspire. Involve.</div><div class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__hear_Post"><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-SaveArticle-___SaveArticle__SaveArticle"><a href="#" tabx="0"><svg class="in ponents-NextHear-ponents-SaveArticle-___SaveArticle__SaveArticle_In" width="24px" height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" versn="1.1" xmlns="><tle>Save Article</tle><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-le="evenodd"><g><polygon pots="0 0 24 0 24 24 0 24"></polygon><path d="M19,3 L5,3 L5,21 L12,18 L19,21 L19,3 Z M17,18 L12,15.82 L7,18 L7,5 L17,5 L17,18 Z" fill="#fff" fill-le="nonzero"></path></g></g></svg></a><span>Save Article</span></div></div><div class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__hear_Log"><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log"><span class=""><svg class="in in-log ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log_In" width="20px" height="20px" viewBox="0 0 20 20" versn="1.1" xmlns="><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-le="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-931.000000, -271.000000)" fill="whe" fill-le="nonzero"><g transform="translate(931.000000, 271.000000)"><path d="M10,0 C4.48,0 0,4.48 0,10 C0,15.52 4.48,20 10,20 C15.52,20 20,15.52 20,10 C20,4.48 15.52,0 10,0 Z M10,3 C11.66,3 13,4.34 13,6 C13,7.66 11.66,9 10,9 C8.34,9 7,7.66 7,6 C7,4.34 8.34,3 10,3 Z M10,17.2 C7.5,17.2 5.29,15.92 4,13.98 C4.03,11.99 8,10.9 10,10.9 C11.99,10.9 15.97,11.99 16,13.98 C14.71,15.92 12.5,17.2 10,17.2 Z"></path></g></g></g></svg></span><span tabx="0" class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-Log-___Log__log_Lk">Sign In</span></div></div></div></div></div><div id="navBar" class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__subnav"><div class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__gradient"></div><nav class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__subnav_Inner"><div class="ponents-NextHear-___NextHear__subnav_PageMenu"><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__wrap"><ul class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav unfed"><li class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Item" data-x="0"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Lk" data-transn-unrle="te" data-transn-dropdown="false" href="/arts"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_LkText">Arts & Culture</span></a></li><li class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Item" data-x="1"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Lk" data-transn-unrle="te" data-transn-dropdown="false" href="/thedolist"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_LkText">Crics’ Picks</span></a></li><li class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Item" data-x="2"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Lk" data-transn-unrle="te" data-transn-dropdown="false" href="/artsmentary"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_LkText">Cultural Commentary</span></a></li><li class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Item" data-x="3"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Lk" data-transn-unrle="te" data-transn-dropdown="false" href="/food"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_LkText">Food & Drk</span></a></li><li class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Item" data-x="4"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Lk" data-transn-unrle="te" data-transn-dropdown="false" href="/bayareahiphop"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_LkText">Bay Area Hip-Hop</span></a></li><li class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Item" data-x="5"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Lk" data-transn-unrle="te" data-transn-dropdown="false" href="/rebelgirls"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_LkText">Rebel Girls</span></a></li><li class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Item" data-x="6"><a class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_Lk" data-transn-unrle="te" data-transn-dropdown="false" href="/artsvios"><span class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_LkText">Arts Vio</span></a></li><div></div><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_ItemUnrle" style="left:0;width:0;transn-property:all"></div><div class="ponents-NextHear-ponents-PageMenu-___PageMenu__subnav_DropdownBg" style="width:240px;height:0;marg-top:10px;transn-property:all"></div></ul></div></div></nav></div></hear><d id="kqed-d-player" preload="none" src="></d><ma class="page-ma" id="ma-ntent"><div><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-___PostView__postView"><div><div id="scrollarts_13880161"><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__wrap rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__wrap__first"><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__ntaer ntaer"><article class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost"><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost_Column rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__lumn__Standard"><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost_Tle"><div><div class="ponents-Label-___Label__postLabel"><a class="ponents-Label-___Label__tegoryLabel" href="/arts"><span class="ponents-Label-___Label__tegoryLabel_Text">Arts & Culture</span></a></div><h1 class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostTle-___PostTle__tle">Meet Gay Bob, the 1977 Doll That Urged People to Come Out of the Closet</h1></div></div><div></div><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost_Info"><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost_Authors"><span class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostAuthors-___PostAuthors__thors"><span class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostAuthors-___PostAuthors__thor"><a href="/thor/ralexandra"><span>Rae Alexandra</span></a><a class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostAuthors-___PostAuthors__twter" tle="Rae Alexandra on Twter" href="><svg class="in in-twter unfed" xmlns=" viewBox="0 0 23 18" height="18px" width="23px"><path class="lor" fill="#dadada" d="M22.357 2.718c-.827.338-1.654.592-2.574.676a4.6 4.6 0 002.023-2.281c-.92.507-1.839.845-2.85 1.014-.827-.845-2.022-1.352-3.31-1.352-2.481 0-4.504 1.859-4.504 4.14 0 .338 0 .676.092.93-3.86-.17-7.17-1.86-9.376-4.394a3.586 3.586 0 00-.644 2.112c0 1.436.828 2.704 2.023 3.464-.736 0-1.471-.169-2.023-.507v.085c0 2.027 1.563 3.717 3.585 4.055-.367.085-.735.17-1.195.17-.275 0-.551 0-.827-.085.552 1.69 2.206 2.872 4.229 2.872a9.724 9.724 0 01-5.608 1.774c-.368 0-.735 0-1.103-.084a13.705 13.705 0 006.895 1.859c8.365 0 12.87-6.337 12.87-11.829V4.83c.919-.591 1.654-1.351 2.297-2.112z"></path></svg></a></span></span></div><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost_Date"><time class="ponents-DateFormatted-___DateFormatted__dateTime" dateTime="2020-06-12T19:52:45.000Z">Jun 12, 2020</time></div><sectn class="ponents-SavePost-___SavePost__saveArticleWrap rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost_SavePost"><div class="ponents-SavePost-___SavePost__saveArticle ponents-SavePost-___SavePost__saveArticle__unsaved"><a href="#" tabx="0"><svg class="in ponents-SavePost-___SavePost__saveArticle_In" width="24px" height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" versn="1.1" xmlns="><tle>Save Article</tle><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-le="evenodd"><polygon pots="0 0 24 0 24 24 0 24"></polygon><path class="lor" d="M19,3 L5,3 L5,21 L12,18 L19,21 L19,3 Z M17,18 L12,15.8 L7,18 L7,5 L17,5 L17,18 Z" fill="#636363" fill-le="nonzero"></path><polygon class="lor" fill="#fff" pots="17 18 12 15.8 7 18 7 5 17 5"></polygon></g></svg></a>Save Article</div><div class="ponents-SavePost-___SavePost__savedArticle ponents-SavePost-___SavePost__savedArticle__unsaved"><h2>Failed to save article</h2><p>Please try aga</p></div></sectn><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost_Spacer"></div><div class="rout-Se-rout-Post-ponents-Post-ponents-PostMise-___PostMise__mpost_Social"><ul class="ponents-SocialMi-___SocialMi__social ponents-SocialMi-___SocialMi__social__morn"><li class="ponents-SocialMi-___SocialMi__social_em"><a class="ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button__morn"><span class="ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button_Label">Facebook</span><svg class="in in-facebook ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button_In ponents-ShareButton-ponents-ShareFacebook-___ShareFacebook__share" width="32px" height="32px" viewBox="0 0 32 32" versn="1.1" xmlns="><tle>Share-FB</tle><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-le="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-558.000000, -239.000000)"><g transform="translate(559.000000, 240.000000)"><ellipse class="circle" stroke="#939393" stroke-width="0.9" fill="#ffffff" fill-le="nonzero" cx="15.2586868" cy="15" rx="15.2586868" ry="15"></ellipse><path class="symbol" d="M13.6388196,22 L13.6181818,15.1818182 L11,15.1818182 L11,12.4545455 L13.6181818,12.4545455 L13.6181818,10.75 C13.6181818,8.2195 15.1225367,7 17.2896189,7 C18.3276756,7 19.2198276,7.08050227 19.4798262,7.11648864 L19.4798262,9.76100909 L17.9768393,9.76171818 C16.7982582,9.76171818 16.5700575,10.3450955 16.5700575,11.2011659 L16.5700575,12.4545455 L20,12.4545455 L18.6909091,15.1818182 L16.5700575,15.1818182 L16.5700575,22 L13.6388196,22 Z" id="Mask" fill="#939393"></path></g></g></g></svg><span></span></a></li><li class="ponents-SocialMi-___SocialMi__social_em"><a href=" class="ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button__morn" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button_Label">Twter</span><svg class="in in-twter ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button_In ponents-ShareButton-ponents-ShareTwter-___ShareTwter__share" width="32px" height="32px" viewBox="0 0 32 32" versn="1.1" xmlns="><tle>Share-Twter</tle><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-le="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-603.000000, -239.000000)"><g transform="translate(604.000000, 240.000000)"><ellipse class="circle" stroke="#939393" stroke-width="0.9" fill="#ffffff" fill-le="nonzero" cx="15.2586868" cy="15" rx="15.2586868" ry="15"></ellipse><path class="symbol" d="M23.9008621,10.400522 C23.3045797,10.6440911 22.7082974,10.8267678 22.0457615,10.8876601 C22.7082974,10.5223065 23.2383261,9.91338392 23.5033405,9.24356905 C22.8408046,9.60892261 22.1782687,9.85249166 21.4494792,9.97427618 C20.8531968,9.36535357 19.9919001,9 19.0643499,9 C17.2755029,9 15.8179239,10.3396298 15.8179239,11.9837208 C15.8179239,12.2272899 15.8179239,12.4708589 15.8841774,12.6535357 C13.1015266,12.5317512 10.7163973,11.3139059 9.12631106,9.48713809 C8.7950431,9.97427618 8.66253592,10.4614143 8.66253592,11.0094446 C8.66253592,12.0446131 9.25881825,12.957997 10.1201149,13.5060274 C9.59008621,13.5060274 9.06005747,13.3842428 8.66253592,13.1406738 C8.66253592,13.1406738 8.66253592,13.1406738 8.66253592,13.201566 C8.66253592,14.6629803 9.78884698,15.8808255 11.246426,16.1243946 C10.9814116,16.1852869 10.7163973,16.2461791 10.3851293,16.2461791 C10.1863685,16.2461791 9.98760776,16.2461791 9.78884698,16.1852869 C10.1863685,17.4031321 11.3789332,18.2556237 12.8365122,18.2556237 C11.7102011,19.0472231 10.3188757,19.5343612 8.7950431,19.5343612 C8.53002874,19.5343612 8.26501437,19.5343612 8,19.473469 C9.45757902,20.3259606 11.1801724,20.8130987 12.9690194,20.8130987 C18.9980963,20.8130987 22.2445223,16.2461791 22.2445223,12.2881821 L22.2445223,11.9228286 C22.9070582,11.4965827 23.4370869,10.9485524 23.9008621,10.400522 Z" id="Mask" fill="#939393"></path></g></g></g></svg><span></span></a></li><li class="ponents-SocialMi-___SocialMi__social_em"><a href="mailto:?subject=Check%20out%20this%20article%20om%20KQED&body=%2Farts%2F13880161%2Fmeet-gay-bob-the-1977-doll-that-urged-people-to-e-out-of-the-closet" class="ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button__morn"><span class="ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button_Label">Email</span><svg class="in in-email ponents-ShareButton-___ShareButton__button_In ponents-ShareButton-ponents-ShareEmail-___ShareEmail__share" width="32px" height="32px" viewBox="0 0 32 32" versn="1.1" xmlns="><tle>Share-Email

bob gay

Bob Iger also backed Disney's opposn to the so-lled Don't Say Gay law, a cisn that led to the nflict wh the Florida ernor last year.

Contents:

BOB GAY | TEAM | HGGC

Democratic printial ndidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. has a history of repeatedly sharg unfound nspiraci that man-ma chemils the environment uld be makg children gay or transgenr and g the femizatn of boys and masculizatn of girls. * bob gay *

Has a history of repeatedly sharg unfound nspiraci that man-ma chemils the environment uld be makg children gay or transgenr and g the femizatn of boys and masculizatn of girls.

The basels claim that chemils – particularly tap water – uld turn people gay has gaed populary wh nspiracy theorists over the years, most memorably wh nservative rad host Alex Jon, who said chemils the water were “turng the igg’ ogs gay.

"Iger, the CEO of one of Florida's largt employers, also fend Disney's right to speak out last year agast a ntroversial state bill that limed classroom discsn of LGBTQ+ issu, dubbed "Don't Say Gay" by move by then-CEO Bob Chapek, who succeed Iger 2020 and rigned 2022 when Iger returned to the helm, kicked off the bter fd wh the ernor and his Republin alli.

SPONGEBOB SQUAREPANTS GAY? NICKELOON JT RERCED THAT THEORY

Iger fend Disney's right to speak out agast a ntroversial Florida bill dubbed "Don't Say Gay" by crics, a moved that sparked backlash om DeSantis. * bob gay *

"The DeSantis mpaign rpond to Iger later Thursday by tweetg a vio clip of Disney executive Karey Burke speakg a 2022 pany-wi Zoom ll about LGBTQ reprentatn the pany's that clip scrib herself as a mother of two queer children and says, "We don't have enough leads and narrativ which gay characters jt get to be characters and not have to be about gay stori. All TeamBob Gay is a Co-Founr and Executive Director of HGGCBob has been volved private equy sce 1986.

The drawn-out nflict began after Florida passed a bill — emed by crics as “Don’t Say Gay” — March 2022 that rtricted discsn of LGBTQ topics public schools. Disney sued DeSantis late April, allegg the ernor waged a "targeted mpaign of ernment retaliatn" after the pany opposed a law crics ll "Don't Say Gay. A blood sample also was taken om Huggs at a hospal prr to his arrt me jt six weeks after Huggs ed an anti-gay slur an terview wh a Ccnati rad statn.

BOB GAY: A LIFETIME QUT THAT FELL 200 VOT SHORT : COUNCIL: HIS LOYALTY TO LDSAY AND HIS TRAG PREORDAED HIM FOR 9TH DISTRICT SEAT, HE BELIEV.

* bob gay *

The gay subculture of early Hollywood has gaed more attentn recently thanks to the Netflix seri Hollywood. Knowg as much as we do about some LGBT stars is a feat nsirg how much rewrg and verg up the Hollywood stud heads did to everyone they managed, whether gay or straight.

MEET GAY BOB, THE 1977 DOLL THAT URGED PEOPLE TO COME OUT OF THE CLOSET

Bob Gay's voice was hoarse om five months of mpaigng, his ey bloodshot om stayg up late awag returns last Tuday's Los Angel Cy Council electns. * bob gay *

In his own words, he felt “pafully isolated, strand between the sual homophobia of most ‘normal’ people and the flagrantly gay Hollywood subculture – where [he] was even ls fortable and ls accepted. Five years before Hunter beme a star, he was arrted along wh several other men for “lewdns, ” a mon charge for men showg any signs of homosexualy public.

No one wanted to believe that Ameri’s goln boy uld be a gay man. Cor’s mansn, rated by gay former actor William Ha, beme the center of LGBT society Hollywood.

It was a well-known fact that Cor was gay, even though he never publicly spoke about .

WHAT ABOUT GAY BOB?

In 1977, the world's first gay doll was lnched. And to play wh him, you had to lerally take him out of his closet. * bob gay *

Cor may have never been able to explicly talk about his sexualy, but he helped solidify the gay muny Hollywood.

NICKELOON JT ANNOUNCED THAT SPONGEBOB SQUAREPANTS IS GAY

The First Openly Gay Doll (for everyone) Was a Trailblazer Toy * bob gay *

He also stggled to accept his homosexualy thanks to his strict Roman Catholic upbrgg. Kelly is one of the very few women to explicly talk about her homosexualy durg her reer om the 1930s to the 1940s. Incintally, the film is noted for s untentnal homoerotic unrton.

BOB IGER ON OPPOSG THE ‘DON’T SAY GAY’ BILL: ‘IT’S ABOUT RIGHT AND WRONG’

Former Disney CEO Bob Iger is breakg om his succsor on Florida’s recently passed “Don’t Say Gay” law. * bob gay *

Clift never publicly talked about , but close iend Elizabeth Taylor admted he was gay at the 2000 GLAAD Media Awards. The two acted three movi together, cludg Sudnly, Last Summer, which had Clift play a gay man. In 1939 he married Osr-wng actrs Ja Gaynor, to whom he remaed wed until his ath 1959.

BOB GAY STUNT SCHOLARSHIP

Rumors about both Adrian and Gaynor’s sexualy have been hard to prove. Their marriage is believed to be a lavenr marriage, which was an arrangement ma to bunk mors that they were both gay. Diana McLellan mentns this her book The Girls and the uple’s relatnship is heavily analyzed William Mann’s Behd the Screen: How Gays and Lbians Shaped Hollywood, 1910-1969.

THE STORY BEHD GAY BOB, THE WORLD’S FIRST OUT-AND-PROUD DOLL

Actor Bob Cummgs is quoted the book as sayg, “Ja Gaynor’s hband was Adrian, the MGM fashn signer.

Gaynor and Adrian were succsful durg a time when any sort of evince of their homosexualy would have hurt their reers, so ’s not surprisg that there isn’t ncrete evince about the tth of their relatnship. Hudson’s homosexualy was kept a secret for most of his life. #SpongeBobIsGay started trendg as many cid the tweet was nfirmatn of the character’s sexualy.

Due part to his close relatnship wh bt iend Patrick Star, the ter had long ago cid that SpongeBob was ed gay. “We never tend them to be gay. Jun 12, 2020Failed to save articlePlease try agaThis article is more than 3 years 1860s Germany, Karl Herich Ulrichs urged other gay people to publicly reveal their sexual orientatn.

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* BOB GAY

SpongeBob Squarepants gay? Nickeloon jt rerced that theory | CNN .

TOP