Party and prott: the radil history of gay liberatn, Stonewall and Pri | LGBTQ+ rights | The Guardian

Contents:

• O “GAY POWER” E A VIMIZAçãO DO “MACHO”
• GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT
• GAY RIGHTS
• GAY POWER! : THE STONEWALL RTS AND THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT, 1969
• GAY POWER!: THE STONEWALL RTS AND THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT, 1969 (CIVIL RIGHTS STGGL AROUND THE WORLD) LIBRARY BDG – JANUARY 1, 2011
• PARTY AND PROTT: THE RADIL HISTORY OF GAY LIBERATN, STONEWALL AND PRI
• WHEN DID THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT BEG?
• DIFFERENT FIGHT, 'SAME GOAL': HOW THE BLACK EEDOM MOVEMENT SPIRED EARLY GAY ACTIVISTS
• JAGUARS ASSOCIATE STRENGTH ACH OUT AS GAY A FIRST FOR US-BASED PRO LEAGU

O “GAY POWER” E A VIMIZAçãO DO “MACHO”

In the Uned Stat this greater visibily brought some backlash, particularly om the ernment and the police: the ernment often fired gay civil servants, the ary attempted to purge s ranks of gay soldiers (a policy enacted durg World War II), and police vice squads equently raid gay bars and arrted their patrons. In the Uned Stat the first major male anizatn, found 1950–51 by Harry Hay Los Angel, was the Mattache Society (s name reputedly rived om a medieval French society of masked players, the Société Mattache, to reprent the public “maskg” of homosexualy), while the Dghters of Bilis (named after the Sapphic love poems of Pierre Louÿs, Chansons Bilis), found 1955 by Phyllis Lyon and Del Mart San Francis, was a leadg group for women. In Bra 1957 a missn chaired by Sir John Wolfenn issued a groundbreakg report (see Wolfenn Report) remendg that private homosexual liaisons between nsentg adults be removed om the doma of crimal law; a later the remendatn was implemented by Parliament the Sexual Offenc Act.

GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT

This support, along wh mpaigns by gay activists urgg gay men and women to “e out of the closet” (ed, the late 1980s, Natnal Comg Out Day was tablished, and is now celebrated on October 11 most untri), enuraged gay men and women to enter the polil arena as ndidat.

Other issu of primary importance for the gay rights movement sce the 1970s clud batg the HIV/AIDS epimic and promotg disease preventn and fundg for rearch; lobbyg ernment for nondiscrimatory polici employment, hog, and other aspects of civil society; endg the ban on ary service for gay and lbian dividuals; expandg hate crim legislatn to clu protectns for gays, cludg transgenr dividuals; and securg marriage rights for same-sex upl (see same-sex marriage). Em s trabalho, Carter afirma que “s exemplar um novo tipo anização gay, spirados pelo píro ante dos mots que os forjaram, logo spiraram har gays e lésbis através todo o país — e em última stância todo o mundo — a juntarem-se ao movimento pelos direos civis e humanos para os LGBTs”. Font: Livro Stonewall: The rts that sparked the gay revolutn; Livro Cross Purpos: Lbians, Femists and the lims of Alliance; G1; Gay Liberatn Front; Carta Capal; Zero Hora; Legislação LGBT; Nexo Jornal; The Atlantic; Artigo científi sobre AIDS; O Movimento Travtis e Transexuais: nstdo o passado e tecendo prent; Em direção a um futuro trans: ntribuição para a história do movimento travtis e transexuais do Brasil; History of Lbian, Gay & Bisexual Social Movements.

Army service World War I, Gerber was spired to create his anizatn by the Scientific-Humanarian Commtee, a “homosexual emancipatn” group ’s small group published a few issu of s newsletter “Friendship and Freedom, ” the untry’s first gay-tert newsletter. Ernment signated Gerber’s Chigo hoe a Natnal Historic Pk TriangleCorbis/Getty ImagHomosexual prisoners at the ncentratn mp at Sachsenhsen, Germany, wearg pk triangl on their uniforms on December 19, gay rights movement stagnated for the next few s, though LGBT dividuals around the world did e to the spotlight a few example, English poet and thor Radclyffe Hall stirred up ntroversy 1928 when she published her lbian-themed novel, The Well of Lonels.

GAY RIGHTS

Addnally, 1948, his book Sexual Behavr the Human Male, Aled Ksey proposed that male sexual orientatn li on a ntuum between exclively homosexual to exclively Homophile Years In 1950, Harry Hay found the Mattache Foundatn, one of the natn’s first gay rights group. ”Though started off small, the foundatn, which sought to improve the liv of gay men through discsn groups and related activi, expand after foundg member Dale Jenngs was arrted 1952 for solicatn and then later set ee due to a adlocked the end of the year, Jenngs formed another anizatn lled One, Inc., which weled women and published ONE, the untry’s first pro-gay magaze. Post Office, which 1954 clared the magaze “obscene” and refed to liver Mattache Society Mattache Foundatn members rtctured the anizatn to form the Mattache Society, which had lol chapters other parts of the untry and 1955 began publishg the untry’s send gay publitn, The Mattache Review.

That same year, four lbian upl San Francis found an anizatn lled the Dghters of Bilis, which soon began publishg a newsletter lled The Ladr, the first lbian publitn of any early years of the movement also faced some notable setbacks: the Amerin Psychiatric Associatn listed homosexualy as a form of mental disorr followg year, Print Dwight D. ”In fear of beg shut down by thori, bartenrs would ny drks to patrons spected of beg gay or kick them out altogether; others would serve them drks but force them to s facg away om other ctomers to prevent them om 1966, members of the Mattache Society New York Cy staged a “sip-”—a twist on the “s-” protts of the 1960s— which they vised taverns, clared themselv gay, and waed to be turned away so they uld sue. They were nied service at the Greenwich Village tavern Juli, rultg much publicy and the quick reversal of the anti-gay liquor Stonewall Inn A few years later, 1969, a now-famo event talyzed the gay rights movement: The Stonewall clanste gay club Stonewall Inn was an stutn Greenwich Village bee was large, cheap, allowed dancg and weled drag queens and homels the early hours of June 28, 1969, New York Cy police raid the Stonewall Inn.

GAY POWER! : THE STONEWALL RTS AND THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT, 1969

1 / 12: NY Daily News Archive/Getty ImagChristopher Street Liberatn Day Shortly after the Stonewall uprisg, members of the Mattache Society spl off to form the Gay Liberatn Front, a radil group that lnched public monstratns, protts and nontatns wh polil officials.

Addnally, several openly LGBTQ dividuals secured public office posns: Kathy Kozachenko won a seat to the Ann Harbor, Michigan, Cy Council 1974, beg the first out Amerin to be elected to public Milk, who mpaigned on a pro-gay rights platform, beme the San Francis cy supervisor 1978, beg the first openly gay man elected to a polil office asked Gilbert Baker, an artist and gay rights activist, to create an emblem that reprents the movement and would be seen as a symbol of pri. In 1981, the Centers for Disease Control and Preventn published a report about five prevly healthy homosexual men beg fected wh a rare type of 1984, rearchers had intified the e of AIDS—the human immunoficiency vis, or HIV—and the Food and Dg Admistratn licensed the first mercial blood tt for HIV 1985.

But after failg to garner enough support for such an open policy, Print Clton 1993 passed the “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” (DADT) policy, which allowed gay men and women to serve the ary as long as they kept their sexualy a rights advot cried the Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell policy, as did ltle to stop people om beg discharged on the grounds of their 2011, Print Obama fulfilled a mpaign promise to repeal DADT; by that time, more than 12, 000 officers had been discharged om the ary unr DADT for refg to hi their sexualy. Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell was officially repealed on September 20, Marriage and Beyond In 1992, the District of Columbia passed a law that allowed gay and lbian upl to register as domtic partners, grantg them some of the rights of marriage (the cy of San Francis passed a siar ordance three years prr and California would later extend those rights to the entire state 1999) 1993, the hight urt  Hawaii led that a ban on gay marriage may go agast the state’s nstutn.

GAY POWER!: THE STONEWALL RTS AND THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT, 1969 (CIVIL RIGHTS STGGL AROUND THE WORLD) LIBRARY BDG – JANUARY 1, 2011

In 1994, a new anti-hate-crime law allowed judg to impose harsher sentenc if a crime was motivated by a victim’s sexual Matthew Shepard ActCourty of the Matthew Shepard FoundatnMatthew Shepard, who was btally killed a hate crime 2003, gay rights proponents had another b of happy news: the U. Gay rights proponents mt also ntent wh an creasg number of “relig liberty” state laws, which allow bs to ny service to LGBTQ dividuals due to relig beliefs, as well as “bathroom laws” that prevent transgenr dividuals om g public bathrooms that don’t rrpond to their sex at birth. Sua dignação o divórc, na verda, remetia a preocupaçõ muo mais profundas a revolução dos stum, a liberação sexual, a mar prença da mulher no mundo do trabalho e no paço públi, a entrada em cena lésbis, homossexuais masculos e travtis, da vez menos pudor assumir suas intidas sexuais ou gênero.

PARTY AND PROTT: THE RADIL HISTORY OF GAY LIBERATN, STONEWALL AND PRI

Psoas eram vigiadas tidianamente e, em ss dossiês produzidos pelos órgãos rmaçõ, registrava-se, o uma mácula, a eventual spea ou mmo a certeza tegóri se tratar um “perasta passivo”, o se isso dimuísse ou squalifisse a tegrida e o ráter da psoa ser homossexual, ela perdia sua humanida e, portanto, era nsirada menos rpeável em sua dignida. Edor e jornalistas que se divam aos veículos da então chamada “imprensa gay”, pecialmente do jornal Lampião da Esqua, foram diciados, procsados e tiveram suas vidas vastadas, muas vez o apo do sistema jtiça, porque tematizavam e mostravam as homossexualidas fora dos padrõ tigmatização e ridicularização que predomavam na “imprensa marrom” até então. O chaço dos grans centros urbanos, junto o mento das madas médias no período que suceu o Milagre Enômi, permiu novas vivências e perspectivas para homossexuais que tavam já nsados viver ntro ss próprs armá ntexto, o longo e duradouro procso transição políti, que se tensifiu na passagem da déda 1970 para a 1980, vai ser mardo por uma crcente b visibilida e cidadania.

WHEN DID THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT BEG?

Emergia mais claramente, assim, uma atuação ncertada para obter fanciamento, polítis públis e direos das diversas stâncias nos anos 1980, nseguiu-se, por exemplo, spatologizar a homossexualida, retirando-a da lista doenças do então Instuto Nacnal Assistência Médi da Previdência Social (Inamps).

A epimia do vís do HIV e da aids, que chegou a ser chamada “pte gay” pela mídia, teve um impacto tremendo nsa trajetória, tanto no sentido nferir mais visibilida e atenção públis quanto no reforçar a tigmatização associando, novamente, a homossexualida à doença. : 23 cmThis book scrib the stand of gay people agast the police the Stonewall Inn, New York Cy, on the night of June 28, 1969, and discs how gay people ntue to fight for equal rights and regnnThis book reunts the history of the gay rights movement, discsg chang that have taken place om early Amerin history to ntemporary polici and public perceptn and highlightg the Stonewall Rts of 19699-121040Inclus chronologyInclus glossaryInclus biblgraphil referenc (p. 136-140) and xAll the past: homosexualy early Ameri - Never fet: World War II and the forti - The fear: the fifti - So bold: the sixti - The Stonewall rts - Euphoric: 1969-1970 - Hope: the seventi - Beg vcible: the morn LGBTQ movementAccelerated Rear AR Middle Gras Pl 7.

Soon they were advotg nothg ls than “gay liberatn” nscns-raisg groups to fundraisg danc, protts outsi hostile newspapers to refug for homels trans and queer people, this surge LGBTQ+ anisg took many forms, and as the first anniversary of the rts me to view, some the muny began discsg how bt to mark what was beg regard as the “Bastille day” of gay rights. The roots of that bate go back to s earlit days, and suggt that Pri and the Stonewall rts have always been part of a ntent battle for inty and ownership – a battle that has helped produce the very ia of what beg a lbian, gay, bisexual, transgenr or queer person might Stonewall rts were not the birth of the gay rights movement.

DIFFERENT FIGHT, 'SAME GOAL': HOW THE BLACK EEDOM MOVEMENT SPIRED EARLY GAY ACTIVISTS

Seven years before that, when police had raid Coopers, a donut shop the cy ntled between two gay bars, LGBTQ+ patrons had attacked officers after the arrt of a number of drag queens, sex workers and gay had been a gay rights movement the US among people scribg themselv as “homophil” sce the late 40s. Hirschfeld’s scientific approach, bed wh his sympathetic treatment of LGBTQ+ people – he was himself homosexual – had been key velopg the ia that their shared experienc uld be unrstood not jt as discrete sexual (and crimal) acts, nor as psychiatric illns, but as a legible sexual and genr inty, which uld be afford civil rights.

JAGUARS ASSOCIATE STRENGTH ACH OUT AS GAY A FIRST FOR US-BASED PRO LEAGU

) The Mattache Society had radil roots activism, takg on the anisatnal stcture of cells and central anisatn favoured by the Communist well as publishg magaz for gay men, and supportg victims of police entrapment, the society had wir polil aims, cludg to “unify homosexuals isolated om their own kd” and to “te homosexuals and heterosexuals toward an ethil homosexual culture parallelg the cultur of the Negro, Mexin and Jewish peopl”. Such aims would bee key to the ncept of “gay pri” some two s two s, however, would be among the harst for LGBTQ+ people US history, as the greater visibily of the homosexual inty led to a nservative backlash, and a moral panic the media that was palised upon by policians. After he was forced to appear before the Hoe Un-Amerin Activi Commtee, Hay was expelled om the Mattache Society, now a growg anisatn of a few thoand men, and he wasn’t the last radil to be thrown homophile movement began to tackle “subversive elements” and orient self around rpectabily.

In 1966, the Mattache Society challenged this policy wh a “sip-” at Juli’, a Greenwich Village bar that was popular wh gay men, but was attemptg to shake off s homosexual bars equently flouted this law, explog legal loophol and payg off the NYPD while chargg their LGBTQ+ ctomers high pric for watered-down drks. When, ncerned by the ongog unrt, members of the society pated on the board-up wdows of the Stonewall “WE HOMOSEXUALS PLEAD WITH OUR PEOPLE TO PLEASE HELP MAINTAIN PEACEFUL AND QUIET CONDUCT ON THE STREETS OF THE VILLAGE – MATTACHINE”, their ll went unheed.