After years of progrs on gay rights, how did the US bee so anti-LGBTQ+? | US news | The Guardian

Contents:

• GAY RIGHTS 50 YEARS ON: 10 WAYS WHICH THE UK HAS CHANGED
• GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT
• GAY RIGHTS
• AFTER YEARS OF PROGRS ON GAY RIGHTS, HOW DID THE US BEE SO ANTI-LGBTQ+?
• GAY
• A TIMELE OF GAY RIGHTS THE UK
• LAVENR SRE: THE GOVERNMENT’S GAY WCH HUNT

GAY RIGHTS 50 YEARS ON: 10 WAYS WHICH THE UK HAS CHANGED

Prr to the formal troductn of Christiany Bra 597 AD, when Augte of Canterbury arrived Bra, the cizens might have been able to practice homosexualy through the Celtic, Roman and Anglo Saxon perds, though evince is lackg: for example there are no survivg Celtic wrten rerds. [18][19] LGBT rights anisatns and very large LGBT muni have been built across the UK, most notably Brighton, which is wily regard as the UK's unofficial "gay pal", wh other large muni London, Manchter, Birmgham, Bristol, Cardiff, Leeds, Liverpool, Newstle upon Tyne, Edburgh, Belfast and Southampton which all have gay villag and host annual pri ftivals.

Approval fell the 1980s when the Aids crisis and the troductn of sectn 28 - a law prohibg the promotn or teachg of homosexualy schools - uld have swayed public opn acrdg to NatCen, the thk tank which ns the a steady and rapid rise om the early 1990s reflects a wir trend of social liberalisatn, somethg also seen changg attus to pre-maral sex. Approval of pre-maral sex grew ially among the young - as they got olr they retaed that belief, and soon both old and young were more liberal on the same-sex relatnships the shift attu has been quicker - not only did young people wh liberal views get olr, but olr people changed their mds, might part be bee chang the law, such as the legalisatn of civil partnerships and then gay marriage, have a powerful fluence on people's views, a NatCen spokman suggts. 1967 - Sex between two men over 21 and " private" is crimalised1980 - Decrimalisatn Stland1982 - Decrimalisatn Northern Ireland1994 - The age of nsent for two male partners is lowered to 182000 - The ban on gay and bisexual people servg the armed forc is lifted; the age of nsent is equalised for same- and oppose-sex partners at 162002 - Same-sex upl are given equal rights when to adoptn2003 - Gross cency is removed as an offence2004 - A law allowg civil partnerships is passed2007 - Discrimatn on the basis of sexual orientatn is banned2010 - Genr reassignment is add as a protected characteristic equaly legislatn2014 - Gay marriage be legal England, Wal and Stland3.

GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Government has attempted to redrs this legacyGiven this legacy of crimalisatn, the ernment troduced a scheme October 2012 allowg those prosecuted unr funct gay-sex-related laws, to have their nvictns removed om police and urt Home Office timat that there were about 50, 000 such offenc rerd on the system om the 1950s until of the 50, 000, only an timated 16, 000 are for people who are still livg and so able to all of the 16, 000 offenc are eligible to be "disregard". The Natnal Police Chiefs Council's lead on homophobic crim, Assistant Chief Constable Mark Haton, says: "Tradnally, homophobic hate crime has been signifintly unr-reported and we do not believe that current statistics accurately reflect actual levels of abe. Gay people say they feel ls happy than their straight peersPeople who intify as gay, lbian and bisexual report lower levels of well-beg than heterosexuals the ONS looks at happs, life satisfactn, and the extent to which people feel their life is worthwhile.

Gay and lbian people report higher levels of anxiety than straight people, but bisexual people are even more likely to suffer om the lbian, gay and bisexual people are also more likely to suffer om suicidal thoughts than their straight iends, acrdg to a 2014 survey by LGBT support chary Metro. Same-sex upl have gaed equal marriage rightsCivil partnerships were legalised 2004 throughout the Uned Kgdom, wh the first ceremoni takg place at the end of the followg 140, 000 people entered to civil partnerships between 2005 and 2015, the last year for which figur are the UK, gay and lbian upl were granted many of the same rights as married heterosexuals, albe wh a few differenc around issu like private-sector meant that upl uld no longer be kept out of hospal rooms when their partner was sick, they would no longer lose their home or bs bee of tax laws, and they had parental rights over marriage was legalised a later, wh the first ceremoni takg place England, Wal and Stland 2014.

GAY RIGHTS

Countri where gay marriage is legal2010 Iceland, Portugal, Argenta2013 Uguay, New Zealand, France, Brazil2014 UK (excludg Northern Ireland)2015 Luxembourg, Ireland, Mexi, USAA further 28 untri guarantee some civil-partnership regnn acrdg to ILGA. E., for lbians, gays [homosexual mal], bisexuals, transgenr persons, and queer persons); seeks to elimate sodomy laws; and lls for an end to discrimatn agast LGBTQ persons employment, cred, hog, public acmodatns, and other areas of life. ) Gay rights prr to the 20th century Relig admonns agast sexual relatns between dividuals of the same sex (particularly men) long stigmatized such behavur, but most legal s Europe were silent on the subject of homosexualy and bisexualy.

Dpe Paragraph 175 and the failure of the WhK to w s repeal, homosexual and bisexual men and women experienced a certa amount of eedom Germany, particularly durg the Weimar perd, between the end of World War I and the Nazi seizure of power. In the Uned Stat this greater visibily brought some backlash, particularly om the ernment and the police: the ernment often fired gay civil servants, the ary attempted to purge s ranks of gay soldiers (a policy enacted durg World War II), and police vice squads equently raid gay bars and arrted their patrons. In the Uned Stat the first major male anizatn, found 1950–51 by Harry Hay Los Angel, was the Mattache Society (s name reputedly rived om a medieval French society of masked players, the Société Mattache, to reprent the public “maskg” of homosexualy), while the Dghters of Bilis (named after the Sapphic love poems of Pierre Louÿs, Chansons Bilis), found 1955 by Phyllis Lyon and Del Mart San Francis, was a leadg group for women.

AFTER YEARS OF PROGRS ON GAY RIGHTS, HOW DID THE US BEE SO ANTI-LGBTQ+?

In Bra 1957 a missn chaired by Sir John Wolfenn issued a groundbreakg report (see Wolfenn Report) remendg that private homosexual liaisons between nsentg adults be removed om the doma of crimal law; a later the remendatn was implemented by Parliament the Sexual Offenc Act. Now headquartered Geneva and renamed the Internatnal Lbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Associatn (ILGA World), plays a signifint role ordatg ternatnal efforts to promote human rights and fight discrimatn agast LGBTQ and tersex persons. This support, along wh mpaigns by gay activists urgg gay men and women to “e out of the closet” (ed, the late 1980s, Natnal Comg Out Day was tablished, and is now celebrated on October 11 most untri), enuraged gay men and women to enter the polil arena as ndidat.

Other issu of primary importance for the gay rights movement sce the 1970s clud batg the HIV/AIDS epimic and promotg disease preventn and fundg for rearch; lobbyg ernment for nondiscrimatory polici employment, hog, and other aspects of civil society; endg the ban on ary service for gay and lbian dividuals; expandg hate crim legislatn to clu protectns for gays, cludg transgenr dividuals; and securg marriage rights for same-sex upl (see same-sex marriage). Ary’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy (1993–2011), which had permted gay and lbian dividuals to serve the ary if they did not disclose their sexual orientatn or engage homosexual activy; the repeal effectively end the ban on homosexuals the ary. 1954 - The Wolfenn Commtee was set up on 24 Augt 1954 to nsir UK laws relatg to "homosexual offenc"; the Report of the Departmental Commtee on Homosexual Offenc and Prostutn, (better known as the Wolfenn report), was published on 3 September 1957.

GAY

It remend that "homosexual behavur between nsentg adults private should no longer be a crimal offence", fdg that "homosexualy nnot legimately be regard as a disease, bee many s is the only symptom and is patible wh full mental health other rpects”.

A sectn of the Act (known as the Alan Turg Law) officially gave posthumo pardons to the thoands of homosexual men om England and Wal who had been nvicted unr prev laws and gave those still livg, the possibily to apply to have their nvictn erased.

A TIMELE OF GAY RIGHTS THE UK

LGBT rights the Uned Kgdom rights of lbian, gay, bisexual and transgenr people the Uned KgdomUpload media WikipediaInstance ofLGBT rights by untry or terroryLotnUned KgdomAuthory file Q1288654ReasonatorScholiaPetSnstatisticsWikiMapLotor toolKML fileSearch picted. History of LGBTQ rights the UKLet's look more -pth at the issu faced by the LGBTQ+ muny the homosexualy: crimalisatn and crimalisatnMale homosexualy was illegal om the early sixteenth century to the first half of the twentieth century. Only 2013 was the origal, homophobic nvictn of 'gross cency' officially overturned by the Brish Rights UK: DecrimalisatnThe first real attempt to rensir the stat of homosexualy was ma by the Report of the Departmental Commtee on Homosexual Offenc and Prostutn, otherwise known as the Wolfenn Report of 1957.

Homosexualy was crimalised by the Crimal Jtice Act of 1980 Stland and the Homosexual Offenc Orr of 1982 Northern fight for an equal age of nsentIn 1994 Conservative MP Edwa Currie proposed that the age of nsent for male homosexual acts be lowered to 16 to match the heterosexual one, but her motn was feated the Hoe of Commons 307 to 280. Culturally, transgenr people are still margalised and persecuted, wh Stonewall reportg 2018 that two five transgenr people have been subjected to hate Rights UK: The Gay Liberatn FrontThe Gay Liberatn Front was a direct rult of the Stonewall Rts. As of April 2022, the legal ban on nversn therapy is still gog through Brish Parliament but has recently exclud transgenr dividuals om the ban, monstratg the ntued legal stggle to tablish LGBTQ+ rights Rights UK - Key takeawaysThe first legal prohibn of homosexualy was enacted 1533 unr the Buggery Act.

LAVENR SRE: THE GOVERNMENT’S GAY WCH HUNT

The Act ma homosexualy punishable by Wolfenn Report of 1957 was the first official statement which opposed the argument that homosexualy is a disease and posed s 1967 Sexual Offenc Act partially crimalised homosexualy unr the ndn that the act was nsensual, private, and amongst adults over the age of 21. ', Human Rights, Sexual Orientatn and Genr Inty The Commonwealth: Stggl for Decrimalisatn and Change, Office and Sttish Home Department, 'Report of the Commtee on Homosexual Offenc and Prostutn', Cole, 'Gay Liberatn Front and Radil Drag, London 1970s', QED: A Journal GLBTQ Worldmakg, 2017.

The NWHLRC, which 1967 had already fallen out wh Antony Grey of HLRS/Albany Tst over the northerners' wish to prs ahead wh the Esquire Clubs venture to tablish member-n gay clubs, felt that much remaed to be done, and named self the Commtee for Homosexual Equaly (CHE) 1969 wh a view to beg a natnal body for England and Wal, -operatn wh s unterpart north of the borr, the Sttish Mori Group (SMG).

A rash of laws ncerng the teachg of human sexualy school curricula, banng trans stunt athlet and strippg parents of the right to help their genr-variant children obta appropriate re have popped up numero red stat this same-sex marriage is now part of the fabric of Ameri, nservativ have chosen to explo Amerins’ unfaiary wh trans people and piggyback on parental anger over the perceived overreach of Covid-era school closur, nflatg wh an sid sense of “wokens”, the hop of fdg an electorally viable sluiceway for anti-LGBTQ+ most famo of the anti-LGBTQ+ laws is the piece of Florida legislatn banng stctn on sexual orientatn or genr inty schools between krgarten and third gra, the so-lled “don’t say gay” law. He was followed by Arizona’s ernor, Doug Ducey, who, after barrg mors om genr-affirmatn treatment, wouldn’t even state for the rerd that trans people were Florida lawmaker Michele Rayner-Goolsby, left, hugs her wife, Bian Goolsby, durg a march at cy hall St Petersburg agast the ‘don’t say gay’ bill. Photograph: Bob Daemmrich/Zuma Wire/Rex/ShutterstockPolicians are supported the media by mentators like Tucker Carlson, who claimed “no one had heard of this trans thg four years ago”, or Charlie Kirk, channelg 1980s fears sayg “gays want to rpt your children” rejuvenated, the right wg is poised to make transphobia and homophobia rnerston of the midterms and 2024 electns, wh promis to liver “don’t say gay” legislatn stat cludg Michigan and New Perks, the print of the Fay Rearch Council, a nservative lobbyg group, veighed agast the ernors of Indiana and Utah for vetog legislatn banng trans women om participatg sports, llg the bills “timely, mastream protectns”.