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73.75rem){{font-size:3.37499rem;le-height:1.1;}}</style><h1 class="css-g4r5va exadjwu10"><span aria-hidn="te" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span>What Is Exod Internatnal, the Ex-Gay Christian Group at the Center of Netflix's <i>Pray Away</i>?<span aria-hidn="te" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></h1><style data-emotn="css 2qf7xf">{lor:#515150;font-fay:Lsanne,Lsanne-fallback,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;marg-bottom:0.625rem;}@media(max-width: 48rem){{font-size:1.0625rem;le-height:1.2;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:1.3125rem;le-height:1.2;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{font-size:1.3125rem;le-height:1.3;}} a{-webk-text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn-thickns:0.0625rem;text-ratn-lor:#FF3A30;text-unrle-offset:0.25rem;lor:#000000;-webk-transn:all 0.3s ease--out;transn:all 0.3s ease--out;} a:hover{lor:#595959;text-ratn-lor:borr-lk-body-hover;}</style><div class="css-2qf7xf exadjwu8"><p>The gay nversn anizatn's near-40 year n was an ternatnal dark mark on Christiany and LGBTQ rights.</p></div><style data-emotn="css d04ng2">{lor:#161616;font-fay:Lsanne,Lsanne-fallback,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacg:0.02rem;marg-bottom:0.625rem;paddg-right:0.3125rem;text-transform:upperse;}@media(max-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.70003rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 40.625rem){{font-size:0.70003rem;le-height:1.3;}} span{font-fay:Lsanne,Lsanne-fallback,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacg:0rem;text-transform:palize;}@media(max-width: 48rem){ span{font-size:0.875rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){ span{font-size:0.875rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){ span{font-size:0.875rem;le-height:1.4;}}</style><div class="css-d04ng2 exadjwu7"><style data-emotn="css 1eqkg5m">{lor:#161616;font-fay:Lsanne,Lsanne-fallback,Arial,sans-serif;font-style:normal;letter-spacg:0.02rem;paddg-right:0.3125rem;text-transform:upperse;-webk-text-stroke:0.005rem;}@media(max-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.70003rem;le-height:1.4;}}@media(m-width: 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href="/thor/209039/jt-kirkland/" class="css-7l5upj e1c1bym14">Jt Kirkland</a></span><style data-emotn="css 1bcsdhu">{display:le-block;font-fay:Lsanne,Lsanne-fallback,Arial,sans-serif;marg-left:0.625rem;text-transform:upperse;}@media(max-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.75rem;le-height:1.3;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:0.75rem;le-height:1.3;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{font-size:0.75rem;le-height:1.3;}}</style><time class="css-1bcsdhu exadjwu6">Published: Aug 3, 2021</time></addrs></div><style data-emotn="css wkpw2c">{display:-webk-box;display:-webk-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webk-flex-directn:lumn;-ms-flex-directn:lumn;flex-directn:lumn;-webk-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webk-jtify-ntent:center;jtify-ntent:center;-webk-align-ems:center;-webk-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-ems:center;}</style><div class="no-prt css-wkpw2c exadjwu15"><style data-emotn="css 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strong{font-fay:Charter,Geia,Tim,Serif;font-weight:bold;}</style><p data-no-id="0" class="body-dropp css-1nhwtgm et3p2gv0">Over the urse of nearly 40 years, a group lled Exod Internatnal had a chokehold on the "ex-gay" movement—a relig ph suggtg that wh work and therapy, people the LGBTQ+ muny uld "undo" their queerns. Though the group had varyg levels of fluence om s 1976 foundg to s 2013 dissolutn, Exod Internatnal is undoubtedly one of the most damagg Christian anizatns to exist the last half-century. Netflix's newt <style data-emotn="css umdwtv">{-webk-text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn:unrle;text-ratn-thickns:.0625rem;text-ratn-lor:#FF3A30;text-unrle-offset:0.25rem;lor:her;-webk-transn:background 0.4s;transn:background 0.4s;background:lear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 50%, #d5dbe3 50%, #d5dbe3);-webk-background-size:100% 200%;background-size:100% 200%;}{lor:#000000;text-ratn-lor:borr-lk-body-hover;-webk-background-posn:100% 100%;background-posn:100% 100%;}</style><a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="documentary" class="body-lk css-umdwtv et3p2gv0">documentary</a> <em>Pray Away, </em>om<em> </em>executive producers Ryan Murphy and Jason Blum, and director Kriste Stolakis, picks the anizatn apart eight years after officially me to a close. </p><style data-emotn="css 18vfmjb">{font-fay:Charter,Geia,Tim,Serif;font-size:1.1875rem;le-height:1.6;} em{font-fay:Charter,Geia,Tim,Serif;font-style:alic;} strong{font-fay:Charter,Geia,Tim,Serif;font-weight:bold;}</style><p data-no-id="1" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">The history of Exod Internatnal spans further than the hour and a half documentary that ss down wh some of the group's ex-members. The anizatn's roots tie back to the early 70s and s fluence ntu to reverberate, even years after the anizatn's disbandment. In some ways, the formatn of Exod Internatnal began a movement that has bee much larger than s origal tent, wh a ripple effect that would take years to harns.</p><style data-emotn="css 1oaqclt">{font-fay:Glanz,Glanz-fallback,Tim,Serif;font-weight:normal;marg-bottom:0.625rem;marg-top:0.625rem;text-align:center;}@media(max-width: 48rem){{font-size:1.75rem;le-height:1.3;}}@media(m-width: 48rem){{font-size:1.875rem;le-height:1.2;}}@media(m-width: 64rem){{font-size:2.125rem;le-height:1.2;}} b, strong{font-fay:her;font-weight:bold;} em, i{font-fay:her;font-style:alic;}</style><h2 data-no-id="2" class="body-h4 css-1oaqclt et3p2gv0">The Early Years</h2><p data-no-id="3" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">To unrstand Exod Internatnal, you first have to go back a few years to review Love Actn, an anizatn found 1973. Very siar to the maxims that drove Exod Internatnal, Frank Worthen's ial foundg of Love Actn kicked off the larger movement. The now-funct non prof believed that through nversn therapy, members of the LGBTQ muny uld "reverse" their same-sex attractn and/or trans inti. In 1976, Love Actn formed a aln wh a group of other anizatns to form Exod Internatnal North Ameri. At s peak, Exod Internatnal had mistri 19 different untri wh more than 100 lol mistri.</p><p data-no-id="4" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">But wasn't long after the formatn of Exod Internatnal that ternal issu started to arise. Five men—Michael Bsee, Gary Cooper, Ron Dennis, Greg Reid, and Worthen—were the ial anizers, but 1979, Bsee <a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="left the anizatn" class="body-lk css-umdwtv et3p2gv0">left the anizatn</a>, along wh Cooper. The two of them formed a relatnship, nouncg the anizatn. By 1982, the two had divorced their liv and mataed a relatnship until Cooper died om AIDS-related illns 1991.</p><p data-no-id="5" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">What mak Exod Internatnal so bafflg is that, a lot of ways, was a nstant movg target. As members ntued to leave the mistry, nounce nversn therapy, and rume their liv as gay, lbian, bisexual, and trans people, the anizatn always reced more people willg to be fac for the group.</p><h2 data-no-id="6" class="body-h4 css-1oaqclt et3p2gv0">Growg Power</h2><p data-no-id="7" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">As Bsee and others left the anizatn, the power of the group ntued to grow—particularly on an ternatnal level. Worthen, who has been emed the "Father of the Ex-Gay Movement," spent a good chunk of the 80s <a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="travelg the world" class="body-lk css-umdwtv et3p2gv0">travelg the world</a> and startg more ex-gay mistri. Eventually, Worthen and his wife turned the res of Love Actn over to John Smid, an "ex-gay" who served as Executive Director om 1991 to 2008. That larger umbrella of Exod Internatnal ntued to grow fluence through the 90s and to the 2000s. </p><p data-no-id="8" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">The group had appearanc on daytime TV and nightly news programs, spurrg a ntued natnal nversatn about how, and if, nversn therapy uld be legimate. Contug wh the nferenc that had been a hallmark of Exod Internatnal sce the begng, mistri affirmed that wh therapy, LGBTQ people uld change.<br /></p><style data-emotn="css 8c6v">{posn:absolute;left:-10000px;top:to;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidn;}</style><div data-ad-exclu class="css-8c6v ehha8ut0">This ntent is imported om youTube. 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cubic-bezier(0,0,0.2,1);}.e1f7ylgd6:hover {opacy:1;}</style><img data-dynamic-svg src="/_assets/sign-tokens/e/static/ins/social/;sendary=%2523ffffff" loadg="lazy" alt="youtube in" width="68" height="68" class="css-a0gows e1f7ylgd3" /></button><img alt="This is an image" tle="Vio player poster image" loadg="lazy" width="2000" height="1000" dg="async" data-nimg="1" style="lor: transparent; width: 100%; height: to;" siz="100vw" srcSet=" 640w, 980w, 1120w, 1200w, 1920w" src="" class="e1f7ylgd5 css-g939jb exi4f7p0" /></div></div></div><p data-no-id="10" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">Acrdg to ttimoni om the Netflix doc, durg nferenc, men and women were phed to foc on their masculy and femy, rpectively. Men were phed to play football; women were given makp. The ia is that the stereotypil activi would give them opportuni to bond wh one another and foc on the goal of "reversg" their impuls. But the qualifitns and tns of those leadg the group were, unsurprisgly, legimate. "Very few of the lears had any kd of formal tn psychology, unselg, human sexualy," Bsee says. "They had no qualifitns to do what they were dog."</p><p data-no-id="11" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">As the anizatn moved to the 90s, Exod Internatnal helped to form a larger umbrella anizatn through a seri of summs. In 2004, that group was officially lled the Exod Global Alliance, which would help une the ial efforts started the Uned Stat wh the ternatnal eratns that had formed sce. All the while, Exod Internatnal's outward facg cracks began to bee more evint. In 2000, Exod Internatnal chairman, John Plk, was<a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn=" seen and subsequently photographed a Washgton D.C. gay bar" class="body-lk css-umdwtv et3p2gv0"> seen and subsequently photographed a Washgton D.C. gay bar</a>. Inially, he nied his inty, then said he mistakenly vised the the bar. The reveal was a huge blow to the movement, as John and his wife Anne had bee a morn face for the mistry. Eventually, Plk left the ex-gay mistry 2003. Anne matas that she is an ex-lbian and is executive director of the Rtored Hope Network, one of the handful of eventual offshoots om Exod Internatnal.</p><p data-no-id="12" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">But even wh the growth of the 90s, the divisn between Exod Internatnal and the world at large ntued to win at the turn of the century. As Exod Internatnal ntued to search for support and donatns, the Surgeon General announced a <a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="July 2001 report " class="body-lk css-umdwtv et3p2gv0">July 2001 report </a>that "the absence of scientific evaluatns preclus arrivg at a five ncln on the effectivens of [relig-based] programs." In the years that follow, every major medil anizatn the Uned Stat mataed that there was no scientific fdgs that "reparative therapy" or nversn therapy was effective.</p><p data-no-id="13" class="css-18vfmjb et3p2gv0">Though he no longer operated Exod Internatnal, Worthen ntued to be a proponent of the anizatn and the work they did. In 2004, he <a href=" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-lk=" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlk" data-vars-ga-ll-to-actn="said" class="body-lk css-umdwtv et3p2gv0">said</a>, "For s ex-gay mistry has been centered around the USA. Now we see this kd of mistry reachg around the world. The gaps are beg filled . Exod Global Alliance is a right time, right place mistry that foc on equippg the rapidly velopg regns."</p><div data-ad-exclu class="css-8c6v ehha8ut0">This ntent is imported om youTube. You may be able to fd the same ntent another format, or you may be able to fd more rmatn, at their web se.</div><div data-embed="youtube" data-no-id="14" class="embed align-center css-9angbx exa3d2e3"><div class="css-79elbk exa3d2e2"><div class="css-b0nlql exa3d2e1"></div><div class="css-8vvrvc exa3d2e0"></div><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Watch on YouTube" href=" class="exa3d2e5 css-1exe7l8 e1c1bym14"><span>Watch on</span><svg viewBox="0 0 508 114" xmlns=" class="css-1b1cg exa3d2e4"><tle>Watch on YouTube In

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The Rso Brothers troduced an openly gay character to Marvel's Cematic Universe, but the cred rollg for Avengers: Endgame isn't warranted.

Contents:

15 OPENLY GAY MARVEL CHARACTERS THAT MIGHT BE COMG TO THE MCU

From Iceman to Hulklg and Moondragon, Marvel boasts a whole array of openly gay characters who would be smash-hs the MCU. * exodus marvel gay *

Avengers: Endgame gave the first openly gay character the Marvel Cematic Universe, but left a lot of fans (who have spent the last wag to see a gay superhero jo the Avengers) pretty unrwhelmed. Here's a selectn of openly gay Marvel characters who serve their time to she the MCU. While many fans hope that Marvel Studs ntu to diversify the superhero they brg to live-actn, Eternals recently took a signifint step forward by prentg Phastos as part of the first openly gay superhero uple the MCU.

THE DOWNFALL OF THE EX-GAY MOVEMENT

The gay nversn anizatn's near-40 year n was an ternatnal dark mark on Christiany and LGBTQ rights. * exodus marvel gay *

Iceman had been fightg alongsi the X-Men the ics for s before he stunned dienc by g out as gay, but fans quickly accepted his sexualy.

Wh Marvel Studs hopg to fix the X-Men film anchise after acquirg om Fox, this uld be a good ll for the MCU’s first gay character. Viv’s sexualy hasn’t been nfirmed the ics, but she's kissed Ironheart and was strongly suggted that she’s eher gay or asexual when she said, “an attractn to boys is nowhere wh me. ” The MCU uld easily portray the character as gay.

WHAT IS EXOD INTERNATNAL, THE EX-GAY CHRISTIAN GROUP AT THE CENTER OF NETFLIX'S PRAY AWAY?

The largt Christian ex-gay group is closg, markg the end of the belief that gays n go straight. * exodus marvel gay *

There was speculatn that Hercul would be a lead  The Eternals when Marvel announced that the film would star a gay lead, but the reference was stead to Phastos.

Phyla-Vell was first intified as gay when she admted to and acted on her attractn towards Moondragon. In any discsn of who will be the first openly gay superhero the MCU, ’s important to mentn the first openly gay superhero Marvel Comics.

Northstar was a landmark character for ic book history bee he was one of the first gay superhero, the first to e out a Marvel book, and 2012, he beme the first character to have a same-sex weddg a mastream ic. Phastos may be half of the first openly gay relatnship the Marvel Cematic Universe, but Negasonic Teenage Warhead was part of the first gay superhero uple all of superhero cema several years earlier.

EXOD CLOS, MARKG OFFICIAL END OF THE EX-GAY MOVEMENT

Wh Valkyrie nfirmed as bisexual, and "The Eternals" mored to feature a gay superhero, Marvel need not look far for LGBTQ+ superhero. * exodus marvel gay *

The two shared the first gay kiss between major characters a Marvel ic back X-Force #45 while Rictor was huntg for Multiple Man New England.

Rictor has also dated women the Marvel Universe, such as Wolfsbane and Boom Boom, but he stated X-Force #20 that he always knew ep down that he was gay.

WAR EPTS OVER NEW MARVEL BLOCKBTER’S GAY SUPERHERO

From Wonr Woman to Northstar, here are some of the most groundbreakg LGBTQ characters and gay superhero Marvel and DC Comics non. * exodus marvel gay *

In 2001, Alan Chambers was hired as the print of the world’s largt ex-gay mistry, Exod Internatnal. Durg the latter part of the 20th century, Exod and siar nservative groups promoted the ia that gay people uld—and should try to—bee straight.

Ex-gay lears traveled to church and appeared on televisn news programs cg a lany of exampl of happily married “former homosexuals” to monstrate that sexual orientatn is a choice and that change is Chambers would unrgo a radil change of heart. Chambers’s cisn effectively livered the athblow to the beleaguered ex-gay movement. ”As a former Exod participant who once lived a “gay liftyle” but was able to achieve a succsful straight marriage, Chambers was the perfect ndidate to lead the anizatn.

And September 2000, Exod’s chairman John Plk was photographed cisg for men at a gay bar Washgton, D. ”The movement tradnalists believed would be their savg grace the fight agast LGBT rights was quickly beg their Achill’ chosen to lead Exod 2001 was like beg the ex-gay Pope followg the Catholic sex-abe sndals.

THE GAY AVENGERS: ENDGAME CHARACTER IS A HALF-BAKED ATTEMPT AT DIVERSY

In 2005, he lled homosexualy “one of the many evils this world has to offer.

” And 2006, he lobbied for a nstutnal amendment banng gay marriage. ”Though the ex-gay lear was stewg on the si, he seemed as rolute as ever on the outsi.

*BEAR-MAGAZINE.COM* EXODUS MARVEL GAY

Marvel Gay Superhero: The 8 Most Likely Candidat to Queer the MCU – IndieWire .

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