In the 1980s, Mexi’s Gay Rights Movement Was Fractured and Two Different March Emerged. Its Legacy Offers Lsons for Today.
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GAY MEXI
* gay mexico 1978 *
While same-sex acts had been technilly legal Mexi sce the late 19th century, dividuals who intified as jotos, vtidas, lbianas, homosexual, travtis, mujercos, and bisexual (terms that refer to people who engaged same-sex acts and/or qutned genr expectatns, and do not map perfectly to today’s LGBTQ tegori the Uned Stat) faced ostracizatn om fay and iends and harassment, arrt, and extortn by police via public cency laws. Wealthy gays gathered private hom or clubs wh expensive entry fe. Some searched out hookups wh poor gay men bars or on street rners, slummg what they lled the “guetos lumpen” or “lumpen ghettos.
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” Poor homosexual, pecially the vtidas or cross-drsg men, engaged sex work. The Mexi Cy police knew where to fd them too, and subjected gay and/or cross-drsg men to verbal harassment and razzias (raids) at bars.
But jt as past gay social life had been class-stratified, so was early anizg.
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Cosmopolan middle- and upper-class queers traveled to New York Cy 1969 the wake of the Stonewall Rts and to Europe to meet members of the French ont homosexuel d’actn révolutnnaire. Inspired, they returned to Mexi and formed the Frente Liberación Homosexual Méxi (Homosexual Liberatn Front of Mexi, or FLH).
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Some worried further that takg their queer activism public would alienate them om their ras other activist circl, who often saw homosexualy as irrelevant to polil anizg—or worse, bourgeois and anti-revolutnary.
In 1978, they branched off to create the Frente Homosexual Acción Revolucnaria (The Homosexual Front of Revolutnary Actn, FHAR) and joed a march celebratg the Cuban Revolutn—markg the first time an openly queer ntgent marched for change on Mexi Cy streets. The followg year FHAR joed forc wh Lambda, a Trotskyist gay liberatn group, and the lbian-femist Oikabeth to anize Mexi Cy’s first marcha ullo homosexual—or gay pri march.
Poster om the First Marcha Orgullo Homosexual. The activists argued about the meang of homosexualy, the role of travtis (cross drsers) the movement, the appropriatn of homophobic slurs, and how bt to prent their movement the world and mand rpect for their rights.
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When workg-class-aligned activists—whose alns clud sex workers and chavos banda—appropriated slurs and exprsed their queerns flamboyantly, they put themselv at odds wh lbian groups, who argued that cross-drsg gay men and transvt ma a ridicule of cis-women. S., the mastream face of Mexin queer activism foc on “sexual diversy” and has foced s attentn on marriage, reprentatn wh ernment stutns, and the creatn of gay-themed nsumer products such as Levi’s’ Pri llectn.
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From lbian nuns, to gay emperors and the one and only, bisexual hero, Frida Kahlo, Mexi is a place where queer excellence has pursued, spe of an environment that hasn’t always been welg. Many of the ruals were known for their homoerotic overton, wh many shamans engagg homosexual acts wh their patients, and prits havg rualized homosexual activy wh their gods. Their God, Ch was said to have troduced homosexualy to their culture and then beme related to same-sex love.
Historian, Max Mejía not of the era: “The Mayans had a more favorable view of diversy wh the muny, which suggts greater tolerance of homosexualy, above all when ncerned relig ruals and artistic practic. ”Homoerotic Maya patg on the walls of the v of Naj TunichThe Aztecs, then rose to bee one of the leadg societi om the 1300’s.
Siarly to their precsors, many of their gods and ruals had homoerotic them. Dpe this, homosexualy was strictly agast the law, wh harsh punishments for anyone ught.
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Then 1863 French troops took over and the untry had their first Emperor, Maxiian I, for whom we have more than jt speculatn, but evince that he was gay. Reads “June: Month of Homosexual Pri”Thgs seemed to be improvg, but progrs was slow. Wh gay and bisexual men and trans people beg disproportnately affected by the vis, is an issue that Mexin LGBTQ+ activists and anisatns have been fightg for many s and will ntue to do so.
Although this realy remas for the most part ignored by the thori, the so–lled “good vibe guys”— or “chavos buena onda, ” as they are sometim referred to — work jt outsi the cy’s fad gay ghetto, the Zona work zone is watched by surveillance meras and regular police patrols, yet the prostutn ntu to operate out the open.
”The "good vibe guys" agreed that most of their ctomers are gay, although many s, the men have not e out of the closet. Puerto VallartaPuerto Vallarta's gay scene is is one of the bt South CyMexi's pal is one of the Wtern Hemisphere's biggt ci.